Past Tense : भूतकाळ
Past Tense चे चार उपप्रकार आहेत
1) Simple Past Tense ( साधा भूतकाळ )
2) Past Continuous Tense ( चालू भूतकाळ )
3) Past Perfect Tense ( पूर्ण भूतकाळ )
4) Past Perfect Continuous Tense ( चालू पूर्ण भूतकाळ )
• Simple Past Tense : साधा भूतकाळ
Structure : कर्ता + क्रियापदाचे दुसरे रुप + कर्म
Subject + Verb 2 + Object
1) साध्या भूतकाळात मुख्य क्रियापदाचे दुसरे रुप वापरतात.
2) मुख्य कियापदाचे दुसरे रुप : मुख्य क्रियापदाचे दुसरे रुप सर्वसाधारणपणे मुख्य कियापदाच्या पहिल्या रुपास ed हा प्रत्यय लागून तयार होते त्याला काही अपवादही आहेत.
EXAMPLES
1) I pushed a ball.
2) We pushed a ball.
3) You pushed a ball.
4) You pushed a ball.
5) He pushed a ball.
6) She pushed a ball.
7) It pushed a ball.
8) They pushed a ball.
9) Ram pushed a ball.
10) People pushed a ball.
Simple Past Tense चे Negative Sentence :
Structure : S + did not + V 1 + O
1) He did not write a letter.
2) They didn’t play cricket.
Simple Past Tense चे Interrogative Sentence :
Structure : Did + S + V 1 + O + ?
1) Did he write a letter ?
2) Did they play cricket ?
अपवाद : was, were, did, had या शब्दांनंतर लगेच क्रियापद आले नसेल तर ते वाक्य Simple Past Tense चे असते.
1) I was in the office.
2) We were on the road.
3) She had a pen.
4) They did it.
दिलेल्या वाक्यात पुढीलपैकी एखादा शब्द असेल तर ते वाक्य Simple Past Tense चे असते : ago, last, before, yesterday, भूतकाळातील वर्ष.
• Past Continuous Tense : चालू भूतकाळ
Structure :
कर्ता + was / were + क्रियापदाचे पहिले रूप + ing + कर्म
Subject + was / were + Verb 1 + ing + Object .
1) I, He , She , It व एकवचनी नामासोबत was वापरतात.
2) We , You , They व अनेकवचनी नामासोबत were वापरतात.
EXAMPLES
1) I was pushing a ball.
2) We were pushing a ball.
3) You were pushing a ball.
4) You were pushing a ball.
5) He was pushing a ball.
6) She was pushing a ball.
7) It was pushing a ball.
8) They were pushing a ball.
9) Ram was pushing a ball.
10) People were pushing a ball.
Past ContinuousTense चे Negative Sentence :
Structure :
S + was / were / + not + V 1 + ing + O
1) I was not reading news paper.
2) They were not playing cricket.
Past ContinuousTense चे Interrogative Sentence :
Structure : Was / Were + S + V 1 + ing + O + ?
1) Was I reading news paper ?
2) Were they playing cricket ?
दिलेल्या वाक्यात पुढीलपैकी एखादा शब्द असेल तर ते वाक्य Past Continuous Tense चे असते : भूतकाळातील शब्दांसोबत morning, afternoon, evening यापैकी एखादा शब्द असेल तर ते वाक्य Past Continuous Tense चे असते.
• Past Perfect Tense : पूर्ण भूतकाळ
Structure :
कर्ता + had + क्रियापदाचे तिसरे रुप + कर्म
Subject + had + Verb 3 + Object
1) सर्व कर्त्यासोबत had वापरतात.
EXAMPLES
1)I had pushed a ball.
2)We had pushed a ball.
3)You had pushed a ball.
4)You had pushed a ball.
5)He had pushed a ball.
6)She had pushed a ball.
7)It had pushed a ball.
8)They had pushed a ball.
9)Ram had pushed a ball.
10)People had pushed a ball.
Past Perfect Tense चे Negative Sentence :
Structure : S + had + not + V 3 + O
1) She had not invited us for the party.
2) We hadn’t completed study.
Past Perfect Tense चे Interrogative Sentence :
Structure : Had + S + V 3 + O + ?
1) Had she invited us for the party ?
2) Had we completed study ?
• Past Perfect Continuous Tense : चालू पूर्ण भूतकाळ
Structure :
कर्ता + had + been + क्रियापदाचे पहिले रूप + ing + कर्म
Subject + had + been + Verb 1+ ing + Object
1) सर्व कर्त्यासोबत had च वापरतात .
EXAMPLES
1) I had been been pushing a ball.
2) We had been pushing a ball.
3) You had been pushing a ball.
4) You had been pushing a ball.
5) He had been pushing a ball.
6) She had been pushing a ball.
7) It had been pushing a ball.
8) They had been pushing a ball.
9) Ram had been pushing a ball.
10) People had been pushing a ball.
